Regular Checking and Preventive maintenance

Manual for 1053 - 1054

Regular Checking and
Preventive Maintenance

Every 50 Hours - Every 100 Hours - Every 200 Hours - Every 500 Hours - Three-cylinder Engines
Four-cylinder Engines - Every 1000 Hours - Every 2500 Hours

DAILY

1 Remove and clean the air filter oil chamber and refill with oil to the level mark. Used engine oil
will be good enough for this purpose. At regular intervals remove the entire air filter and clean the
filtering element in paraffin or petrol.
The condition under which the engine operates are, of course, decisive for how often the air filter
must be cleaned. It will, however, soon be found whether it needs cleaning every day or if the period between cleanings can be extended.
Always pay special attention to the air filter and its maintenance; the life of the engine is greatly
dependent upon the cleanliness of the air sucked into the cylinders.

Fig 40.

2. Check that no oil, fuel or water leaks out of the engine anywhere. If a leak is found, see that ii is
remedied as soon as possible. Try also to keep the engine clean; it will then be easier to find any
leaks. A clean engine is also much easier to keep in good trim.

Fig 41.

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EVERY 50 HOURS
1. Check oil level in injection pump and centrifugal governor. In the pump it should be between the
two marks on dipstick A, and in the governor at plug B. If the level is too low, top up with the same oil
as is used for the engine.

Fig 42.

2. Drain off sludge from fuel tank. Open the cock and let some of the fuel run out and take the sludge
with it. This should be done when the fuel has stood still for at least one whole night.

3. Check belt tension. Adjust the generator belt by loosening the two holding screws and the adjustable
mounting so that the generator can be pulled outwards. It must be possible to depress the belt about
3/16 in. (5 mm.) at arrow A.
Adjust the belt between crankshaft and pump shaft by screwing the outer half of the crankshaft pulley
inwards or outwards in relation to the inner half. It must be possible to depress the belt about 3/8 in. (10
mm.) at arrow B. The two pulley halves are locked relative to each other with locking screws.
Adjust the cooling water pump belts about ¾ in. (20 mm.) at arrow C.

Fig 43.

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4. Check that the battery electrolyte is about 3/8 in. (10 mm.) above the plates. Top up with distilled
water if the level is too low. Make sure that the cable lugs are clean, properly tightened, and smeared with a thin coat of Vaseline or similar to protect them against corrosion. Be careful when working on
the battery, the electrolyte is corrosive.
Check the degree of charge with a hydrometer. This shows the specific gravity of electrolyte (fig. 44),
which is 1.275-1.285 when the battery is fully charged. When the specific gravity has fallen to 1.230 the
battery must immediately be re-charged at a charging station.

Fig 44.

EVERY 100 HOURS
1. Lubricate the water pump with heat-resistant ball bearing grease. Do not apply too much grease, 4-5
shots with the grease gun are quite sufficient.

Fig 45.

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2. Lubricate the starting motor. Remove the plug in the end and lubricate with engine oil. Do not add
more than a few drops at a time. Too much oil can damage the starting motor.

Fig 46.

EVERY 200 Hours
1. Change the engine oil. See that the engine is run warm before pumping out the oil. Turn the cock on
the drain pump suction side so that the handle points straight down, fig. 29. Pump out all oil.
Remove the plug in the lubricant filter, fig. 47, and make sure that the oil runs out properly.
Replace the plug. Shut off the cock and fill with diesel lubricating oil “For Service DG” to the upper
level mark on the dipstick. Do not forget that it must always be “For Service DG” oil, never ordinary
engine oil; bearing pressures in a diesel engine are too high to permit the use of such oil.

Fig 47.

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2. Clean the injection pump pre-filter. Loosen the nut and swing the clamp to one side so that the glass
and filter cloth can be removed. Wash the glass and cloth in clean petrol and refit. To prevent air leaks,
check that the gasket for the glass is undamaged.

Fig 48.

3. Remove the plug in the bottom of the fine-filter and drain off the sludge. Never make any
adjustments to the filter element itself; if you suspect that it is clogged, let a diesel mechanic check she
filter. The element must never be cleaned and should instead be replaced when it becomes clogged.
With the help of a low pressure gauge, a diesel mechanic can easily see if the element is clogged or
not.

Fig 49.

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4. Remove the ventilator from the cover over the valve mechanism and wash it in clean petrol or paraffin

Fig 50.

EVERY 500 Hours
1. The lubricant cleaner on the right-hand side of the engine has a replaceable filtering element. This
element gradually becomes clogged by the impurities it collects and must therefore be replaced every
500 hours – earlier if the oil dirties quickly.
This is done by loosening the screw in the lid and lifting out the cleaner and element, fig. 51. Clean the
lubricant cleaner thoroughly with petrol or paraffin. See that the gasket seals properly when the
cleaner is re-fitted. If it does not, fit a new one. Take care that no dirt gets into the piping.

Fig 51.

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2. Check the valve clearance. This check must also be performed every time the cylinder block has
been removed or the cylinder head nuts re-tightened. The valves must not be adjusted with the engine
running; valve and piston might then knock together.
Correct valve adjustment is of great importance and we therefore recommend careful study of the
procedure to be followed. The valves are numbered from the front end of the engine.

Fig 52.

Three-cylinder engine
1. Pull the crankshaft round and watch the movement of the first valve rocker arm. Note the point
where the valve is widest open and turn the crankshaft one full revolution. Now adjust the first and
third valves.
2. Check the rocker arm of the fourth valve. Pull the crankshaft round one revolution after the valve has
opened to a maximum. Now adjust the fourth and fifth valves.
3. Check the rocker arm of the second valve. Pull the crankshaft round one revolution after the valve
has opened to a maximum. Now adjust the second and sixth valves.
Remember : 1-3, 4-5, 2-6

Four-cylinder engine
This engine can be adjusted in a manner equal to the three-cylinder engines but in the sequence
1-6, 2-4, 3-8, 5-7.
The first figure in every group denotes the valve to be watched when pulling round the crankshaft. The two valves in each pair must be adjusted together. The valves of the four-cylinder engine can also be adjusted when the pistons in the respective cylinders are at the T.D.C. following the compression stroke. When the piston is in this position the camshaft cam is at its downward position. The best way to set the piston at its T.D.C. is to watch the rocker arm. When the exhaust valve closes and the inlet valve is just about to open for the 1st cylinder, the piston in the 4th cylinder is at its T.D.C. following the compression stroke. When the exhaust valve closes and the inlet valve is just about to open for the 4th cylinder, the piston in the 1st cylinder is at its T.D.C. following the compression stroke.
The above relationship also applies to the 2nd and 3rd cylinders. Adjust with the setting screw on the rocker arm after loosening the lock nut. Check with the feeler gauge. This is to be 0.016 in. (0.40 mm.) for inlet valves and 0.018 in. (0.45 mm.) for exhaust valves. Tighten the nut properly.
Note that the valve clearances are for warm engines.

3. Check injector opening pressure and spray shape. This work should be done by an authorized shop
having the necessary testing pump. When opening pressure is correct injection takes place at
1920 +70 -0 lb/sq.in. (135 +5 -0 kg/sq.cm.). If there is no authorized shop available, spray can be checked
by removing the injectors from the engine, one at a time, and refitting them with the nozzle pointing
outwards from the engine. Set the decompression lever on position 3 and turn over the engine with the
starting motor or crank. The fuel must then leave the nozzle thoroughly atomized (shape A) and the
spray must cut off sharply after delivery of the fuel. If the fuel discharges as a jet or dribbles from any of
the nozzles after injection, such nozzles must be adjusted or replaced. B and C show incorrect spray
shapes.

Fig 53.

Exercise care when testing, the sprays posses considerable penetrative force and can harm eyes, etc

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EVERY 1000 HOURS
1. Check injection pump setting.
2. Check centrifugal governor (max. speed and idling).
3. Check cold-start device.
4. Replace element in un-scaled fine-filter.
5. Check fuel feed pressure.
6. Clean strainer in oil sump.
8. Check starting motor and generator brushes.
9. Check thermostat.

EVERY 2500 HOURS
1. De-carbonize engine and grid valves.
2. Recondition starting motor and generator.
3. Replace element in sealed fine-filter

If oil consumption is excessive (more than 0.053 oz-h.p.h [1.5 g/h.p.h.] excel.oil changes) or if there are other signs of wear:

1. Replace piston rings and check pistons and liners.
2. If necessary, recondition engine.

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